All posts by CPNN Coordinator

About CPNN Coordinator

Dr David Adams is the coordinator of the Culture of Peace News Network. He retired in 2001 from UNESCO where he was the Director of the Unit for the International Year for the Culture of Peace, proclaimed for the Year 2000 by the United Nations General Assembly.

Senegal: 4th Global Peace Festival: “Live Peace – Meeting of World Cultures”

DISARMAMENT & SECURITY .

Excerpts from the email received at CPNN from Live Peace Festival International

From May Friday 06th to Sunday 08th, 2016, Saint-Louis (Senegal-West Africa) a secular land of peace and legendary Teranga (hospitality), ancient capital of French’ West Africa and Senegal, a tercentenary symbolic City listed World Heritage Site by UNESCO and successful example of harmonious and peaceful coexistence of cultures and religious, is welcoming the 4th Global Peace Festival : « Live Peace – Meeting of World Cultures ».

CODEVA
Click on image to enlarge

Organized by the non-profit organization for the « Co-operation, Development and Action » (CODEVA) to build a « bridge » between the world cultures and development and link Humans, this great celebration of Arts, Culture of Peace, Forum for Peace and Peace Camp will assemble all those who work for peace, peacemakers, artists, youth, women, volunteers, personality and world citizens coming together in one big celebration dedicated to peace and cultural diversity. The theme this year is : “Youth and Women in Sustainable Development Goal” and to our cultural heritage as a contribution to the local development of Senegal and Africa.

The “Live Peace Festival of World Cultures” is an original and very special sustainable event of solidarity and education in Saint-Louis of Senegal. It is full of symbolism, respectful of life from local to global, and the need for the emergence of a culture of non-violence, dialogue between cultures, responding to the aspiration of humanity for peace.

The three (3) days of festival includes concerts, shows, performing arts/music, dance, theater, campfire and narrated evening, forums, interactive workshop, projection of film, hiking, Global Village of Festival: fair-exhibitions, visual arts, convivial and solidarity space, zone of media center and public relations.

We warmly invite all the positive energies (youth, women, volunteers and artists) media, donors, sponsors and partners to support and participate in solidarity with this worthy cause and contribute to the success of the festival.

P.O.Box : 241- Saint-Louis, SENEGAL
Phone : + 221.77 553.85.63 / 70 658.81.43
Mail : livepeacefestival@gmail.com
Facebook: www.facebook.com/livepeacefestivalinternational

Question for this article:

Canada: It’s time to let Iraq War Resisters stay!

DISARMAMENT & SECURITY .

An article from the War Resisters Support Campaign

Following the federal election, there is hope that there can finally be a positive and speedy resolution to the cases of U.S. Iraq War resisters. Your help is needed to make sure they are allowed to stay in Canada. Watch our new video below and then take a moment to write a letter to your MP in support of war resisters. For more information, see our backgrounder on the situation of U.S. Iraq War Resisters in Canada.

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Video for campaign

Canadians voted for change and expect the new government to do the right thing and let the war resisters stay. It was the strong response of Canadians that has kept most U.S. war resisters in Canada – and out of U.S. military prison – for the past ten years.

U.S. Iraq War resisters have lived through a decade of unfair political interference in their cases by the previous Conservative government. Some were deported by the Harper government, and received harsh jail sentences in the U.S. for opposing the illegal and immoral invasion of Iraq.

The new government should immediately heed the will of the majority of Canadians and stop any and all actions against U.S. war resisters, including halting the litigation against U.S. war resisters, as this litigation defends policies and decisions made by the previous Conservative government.

How you can help

1) Write a Letter to Prime Minister Justin Trudeau:

The Right Honourable Justin Trudeau
Prime Minister of Canada
Office of the Prime Minister
Langevin Block
80 Wellington Street
Ottawa, Ontario
K1A 0A2

2) Call, e-mail and write to your Member of Parliament:
To send a letter: address it to your MP, and send to House of Commons, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0A6

To find out your MP’s email and phone number, you can email info@parl.gc.ca
or call toll-free (Canada): 1 (866) 599-4999.

MP contact details will be up shortly at www.parl.gc.ca, under ‘Members of Parliament’.

Key points to mention:

• Resolve this issue swiftly as part of the change promised by the new government

• It is time to fix this issue – end over 10 years of unfair and unjust legal and political actions by the Harper government

• Stop the deportations

• Stop pursuing war resister cases in court, as doing so defends decisions and policies made by the former Conservative government

• Rescind Operational Bulletin 202

• Implement a new Operational Bulletin that restores fairness for all war resister cases and reverses the harm done

3) Donate to the War Resisters Support Campaign

4) Please join and follow us – and share us on Social Media:
Facebook
Twitter
YouTube

(Thank you to Janet Hudgins, the CPNN reporter for this article.)

Question for this article:

Nonviolent Peace Force Nominated for 2016 Nobel Peace Prize

. EDUCATION FOR PEACE .

A press release from the American Friends Service Committee

Nonviolent Peaceforce, an unarmed, paid civilian protection force which fosters dialogue among parties in conflict and provides a protective presence for threatened civilians, has been nominated for the 2016 Nobel Peace Prize by the American Friends Service Committee (AFSC).

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“Unarmed civilian protection is a method for direct protection of civilians and violence reduction that has grown in practice and recognition. In the last few years, it has especially proven its effectiveness to protect women and girls,” according to a UN report of October 2015 cited in its nominating letter by AFSC, a Quaker organization working for peace and justice across the U.S. and around the world.

“Awarding the Nobel Peace Prize to Nonviolent Peaceforce would highlight and strengthen their work and the work of other similar organizations, at a time when worldwide tensions seem to be at a boiling point, and their work is vital and relevant,” AFSC wrote.

“We are honored to be nominated. We are especially honored to have this nomination come from the American Friends Services Committee. This is a tribute to our courageous civilian peacekeepers who are at the frontline of violent conflicts around the world,” said Mel Duncan, co-founder, and Doris Mariani, CEO of Nonviolent Peaceforce.

Founded in 2002, Nonviolent Peaceforce (NP) fielded its first intervention team one year later, in Sri Lanka. With headquarters in Brussels and an office in Minneapolis MN, NP field teams are presently deployed in the Philippines, in South Sudan, Myanmar, and the Middle East. Their field staff include veterans of conflict zones, experienced peacekeepers, and those new to the field.

Aware of the danger of neocolonial models of intervention, Nonviolent Peaceforce only serves in areas where they have been invited, and they conduct extensive and thorough interviews and research with all parties to a conflict before they decide whether or not to deploy teams to a conflict area.

NP is also clear that their goal is “to arrive to leave,” not intending to establish long-term presence, but seeking to address the conflict that caused their invitation, see it through to resolution, and then withdraw.

As part of its work, NP has reunited child soldiers with their families and helped create weapons-free zones in conflict areas. NP mitigates gender violence through their Women’s Security Teams, “which have dramatically lessened the number of rapes that South Sudanese women experience while gathering water or firewood for their families. In the past year, (NP) provided over 1,000 accompaniments for vulnerable people, primarily women and children, throughout South Sudan,” the AFSC wrote.

In 1947, AFSC and the British Friends Service Council accepted the Nobel Peace Prize on behalf of “Quakers everywhere.” Peace Prize laureates have the privilege to nominate candidates for this honor. The AFSC Nobel Nominating Committee includes a representative of Quaker Peace and Social Witness, the AFSC’s counterpart in Great Britain. For more on the nomination criteria, visit http://quakernobel.org/

(Thank you to Janet Hudgins, the CPNN reporter for this article.)

Question for this article:

Amnesty International: 10 ways we’ve defended women’s rights in the past year

. . WOMEN’S EQUALITY . .

An article from Amnesty International

March 8th is International Women’s Day and we’re taking a moment to reflect on how your support has changed women’s lives around the world in the past year. From policy breakthroughs to freedom for courageous women human rights defenders, here are just a few of the ways you’ve defended women’s human rights and helped break down barriers for women and girls:

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1. The Canadian government announced an inquiry into missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls

For well over a decade, Amnesty International has stood alongside Indigenous women, families who have lost loved ones to violence, and so many others to call for an end to the disturbingly and unacceptably high rates of violence experienced by Indigenous women and girls. We have published reports, written letters, gathered petition signatures, joined vigils, and spoken out in the media, in Parliament and at the United Nations. And throughout it all we have stood with Indigenous women and families and let them know they are not alone in the struggle to end the violence.

Together, with your help, we are making strides. The tireless work of Amnesty supporters has helped generate a groundswell of public support for concrete action to end the violence.

In December, we welcomed the federal government’s announcement of a public inquiry into missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls. The announcement was a major breakthrough after years of government inaction.

So much lies ahead. We need your help to make sure that government commitments truly lead to an end to the violence. And your solidarity is crucial to making sure Indigenous women and families know they are not alone in their struggle to end the violence.

TAKE ACTION: Sign the pledge to stand with Indigenous women and families to end the violence

Learn more: No More Stolen Sisters

2. Burkina Faso has made commitments to end early and forced marriage

In December 2015, Burkina Faso adopted a national strategy and a three-year action plan to prevent and eliminate child marriage in the country. The strategy and plan came after the government committed to address the obstacles that women and girls face when trying to access sexual and reproductive health services and information. And in February, Burkina Faso’s Ministry of Justice, Human Rights and Civic Promotion committed to raise the legal age of marriage for girls to 18 years and to ensure that forced marriage is clearly defined in Burkina Faso’s criminal code. The government also committed to introducing free healthcare for pregnant women in an effort to reduce the number of maternal deaths.

Prior to these announcements, on December 10th, Amnesty International supporters Canada and around the world sent thousands of letters, emails and tweets to the government of Burkina Faso as part of our global Write for Rights letter-writing marathon. The government acknowledged in their February announcement that they have been receiving messages from around the world urging them to take immediate action to end this practice.

While these promises are a step in the right direction, we need your help to ensure these plans turn into real action.

TAKE ACTION: Sign our action calling on Burkina Faso to turn their plans to end early and forced marriage into real action

Learn more: Ending early and forced marriage in Burkina Faso

3. Miscarriage is not a crime: Justice for Guadalupe in El Salvador

In 2007, at just 18 years old, Carmen Guadalupe Vasquez was sentenced to 30 years in prison after suffering a miscarriage. She was wrongly accused of having an abortion, which is outlawed in all circumstances in El Salvador. She was one of 17 women in jail with lengthy sentences for being accused of having an abortion.

In January 2015, thanks to years of hard work by dedicated activists in El Salvador, El Salvador’s Legislative Assembly took a vote on whether to pardon Guadalupe. Amnesty International condemned the outcome of the vote and international pressure led to a re-vote being scheduled. In the days leading up to the re-vote, Amnesty supporters took to the internet to send a wave of messages to Assembly members urging them to release Guadalupe and the other jailed women. Guadalupe was finally pardoned and walked free from prison in February 2015.

Her exoneration is a victory in the long fight for women’s rights, but her story is tragically not unique. El Salvador continues to condemn thousands of women to death or decades behind bars by criminalizing pregnancy-related complications and prohibiting abortion even when a woman’s life depends on it. As part of our My Body My Rights campaign, Amnesty International has been campaigning to end El Salvador’s total ban on abortion.

TAKE ACTION: Sign our action calling for Teodora del Carmen Vásquez, another woman jailed in El Salvador for pregnancy-related complications, to be released now.

Learn more: Read our report on violations of sexual and reproductive rights in Latin America and the Caribbean

4. Five women’s rights defenders released on bail in China

Five Chinese activists decided to mark International Women’s Day in 2015 by launching a campaign against sexual harassment. They had made stickers to distribute, printed with slogans like “Go police, go arrest those who committed sexual harassment!”

Just before March 8th, authorities arrested them on suspicion of “picking quarrels and provoking troubles.” Amnesty International swung into action, mobilizing our letter-writing Urgent Action Network to join the voices of activists from around the world.

The outcry secured the release of the five on April 13, 2015. However, the charges have yet to be removed and they still face a possible five year sentence. In fact, the Chinese government continues to harass and silence women’s rights defenders by threatening and arresting activists, even shutting down women’s rights organizations.

Women’s rights defenders can pay a high price for their dedication to advancing women’s human rights and empowerment. One such defender is Bahareh Hedayat, an Iranian student activist in prison for 10 years on charges including “insulting the president.” Bahareh is with a group known as the One Million Signatures campaign (also known as the Campaign for Equality), a grass-roots initiative to end legal discrimination against women in Iran.

TAKE ACTION: Sign our action calling on Iranian authorities to immediately and unconditionally release Bahareh Hedayat

5. You stood with sisters threatened with sexual punishment in India

In May 2015, 23-year-old Meenakshi Kumari and her 15-year-old sister fled their village in Baghpat, Utter Pradesh, to Delhi, fearing a backlash after their brother, Ravi, eloped with a married woman from a higher caste.

Sadly, their fears were confirmed when just days later their house was ransacked. Two months on, the village’s male-only unelected council (khap panchayat) ruled that Meenakshi and her teenage sister should be raped and paraded naked with their faces blackened as punishment for their brother’s actions.

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Question related to this article:

Protecting women and girls against violence, Is progress being made?

Abortion: is it a human right?

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Meenakshi, a Dalit woman, courageously reported the human rights violations. When Amnesty International India learned about their case, they rallied more than 500,000 Amnesty supporters worldwide to call for their protection.

The authorities took the concerns seriously. On September 16, India’s Supreme Court ordered Delhi police to provide protection for the two sisters and their family. Amnesty International continues to call for justice and reparation for Meenakski and her family. If they are unable to return to their village, they must also receive support to rebuild their lives in another community.

Learn more: Read their story and learn more about Amnesty International India’s work to end gender discrimination in India

6. A Sudanese court overturned the conviction of a teenager sentenced for “indecent dress”

On August 16, 2015 Ferdous Al Toum was found guilty of “indecent or immoral dress” and sentenced to 20 lashes and a fine of 500 Sudanese pounds.

She was arrested as part of a group of 11 young women on June 25th who were leaving a church ceremony at the Evangelical Baptist Church in Khartoum North. The women were all wearing skirts or trousers, yet were accused of “indecent or immoral dress.” Incredibly, Ferdous was charged again for the clothes she wore in the courtroom at her trial. She was sentenced to a large fine for her appearance in court (paid on her behalf by activists and supporters), as well as the lashes.

In light of this news, more than 16,000 Canadians joined Amnesty International supporters from around the world to condemn the sentence. Following an appeal by Ferdous’ lawyers, her conviction was finally quashed by the Court of Appeal on October 14, 2015. She was the second last woman to be released, and eventually all 11 women were freed.

Sudan’s “indecent dress” law applies to women and men on paper, but it is used exclusively against women. Women and girls around the world face discrimination in law and practice simply because of their gender. Women and girls can face harsher punishments for the same “offences,” such as the case of Atena Farghadani. In 2015, Atena, a young painter and activist, drew a cartoon critical of proposed laws that would make it difficult for women to obtain contraception or seek a divorce in Iran. She was arrested for her peaceful activism and sentenced to 12 years and nine months in prison.

TAKE ACTION: Call on Iranian authorities to release Atena Farghadania now!

7. Justice for a Courageous Torture Survivor

In 2012, marines broke into the home of Claudia Medina Tamariz. They took her away to a local naval base. There, Claudia suffered terrible torture, including electric shocks and sexual assault.

The torture was aimed at forcing Claudia to incriminate herself in drug-related crimes. To make the torture stop, Claudia signed a piece of paper put before her. She later discovered it was a “confession” to crimes she had not committed.

More than 300,000 people, including thousands of Canadians, sent letters to the Mexican Attorney General. Claudia is now free. In reviewing her case, a judge confirmed that after her arrest Claudia was tortured and sexually assaulted by marines in order to force her to incriminate herself and others in drug-related crimes. On February 6, 2015, that judge informed her that the last remaining charge was dropped.

Despite everything she’s gone through, Claudia is filled with determination to help others: “After this long process I had to go through I felt the need to become a human rights activist, to show that I’m not a criminal, as authorities portrayed me. I will not allow even one more woman to be tortured in Mexico.”

Torture, including sexual assault, is the preferred crime investigation technique for some Mexican police and military officers. They torture people into signing false statements and use them as evidence to prosecute. Claudia and Amnesty International continue to speak out for other torture survivors in Mexico, like Yecenia Armenta. Police hung Yecenia upside down, asphyxiated and brutally raped her until she signed a “confession,” while still blindfolded, to her husband’s murder. She’s been in prison ever since.

TAKE ACTION: Call on the Mexican authorities to drop the charges against Yecenia, release her immediately and bring her torturers to justice.

Learn more: Amnesty’s Stop Torture campaign

8. Amnesty activists rallied for a domestic violence victim sentenced to death

Li Yan in China made repeated calls to the police about her abusive husband, Tan Yong, who frequently beat her. He stubbed out cigarettes on her face. He locked her, near-naked, on the balcony of their apartment for hours at a time during the freezing Sichuan winter. On one occasion, he cut off her finger.

After repeated ignored requests for help, in late 2010, isolated, afraid and denied protection by the authorities, Li Yan resorted to violence and beat her husband to death with a gun.

She was sentenced to death. But thanks to international support, her sentence has since been commuted to the death sentence with a two-year reprieve. Under the Chinese law, death sentences with a two-year reprieve should be commuted to life imprisonment upon the expiration of the two-year period, as long as the prisoner does not commit another crime during the period of suspension.

This tragic outcome could have been avoided. “The reprieve for Li Yan could prove a landmark verdict for future cases where domestic violence is a mitigating factor. With her case, the highest court in China has sent a clear message that judges must not ignore domestic violence,” said William Nee, China Researcher at Amnesty International.

This may not feel like a landslide victory for Li Yan, but it remains an important moment of shedding light upon the issue of domestic violence in China.

Activists still face serious risks for speaking out about violence against women and other women’s rights issues in China. One such women’s rights activist is Su Changlan, a former teacher in prison since October 2014 for her peaceful activism. She is being held in deplorable conditions and faces life imprisonment simply for calling on the government to respect human rights.

TAKE ACTION: Write a letter to Chinese authorities to immediately and unconditionally release Su Changlan

9. You helped put women’s rights on the Canadian federal election agenda

Amnesty International Canada was a proud member of the Up for Debate campaign to promote women’s rights and gender equality in the lead up to Canada’s federal election in 2015. Our goal was to make sure that all federal political party leaders explained how they would build a more equal Canada for us all, and make meaningful commitments to change the lives of women and girls for the better at home and around the world. And we succeeded!

Learn more: The Up for Debate campaign helped bring meaningful change

10. You helped break the silence around sex, relationships and reproduction in many countries

In 2013, Amnesty International launched its My Body My Rights campaign, founded on the principle that people of all genders have the right to make decisions about our health, body, sexuality and reproductive lives without fear or force.

Thanks to educational materials and training materials produced through the campaign, 100,000 young people have challenged discriminatory attitudes and gender-based violence through workshops, video, theatre, debates, poetry, song and dance. In rural Zimbabwe, activists opened empowerment centres in schools as a safe space for young girls to talk about sex, relationships and pregnancy.

Learn more: Visit our My Body My Rights campaign webpage

(Thank you to Janet Hudgins, the CPNN reporter for this article.)

2015: When Global Governments Trampled Human Rights in Name of National Security

…. HUMAN RIGHTS ….

An article by Andrea Germanos, senior editor and staff writer at Common Dreams. (reprinted according to principles of Creative Commons)

Governments worldwide in 2015 capitalized on supposed national security threats to trample over human rights. That’s Amnesty International’s assessment of global human rights in its latest report.

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Photo caption:
Protesters in London take part in a November 2015 action to protest a visit by Egypt’s president Abdel Fattah al-Sisi. (Photo:  Alisdare Hickson/flickr/cc)

“Your rights are in jeopardy: they are being treated with utter contempt by many governments around the world,” said Salil Shetty, Secretary General of Amnesty International.

Driving some of the government attacks on human rights are “misguided reactions… to national security threats,” including “the crushing of civil society, the right to privacy and the right to free speech; and outright attempts to make human rights dirty words, packaging them in opposition to national security, law and order and ‘national values.’ Governments have even broken their own laws in this way,” he continued.

“Millions of people are suffering enormously at the hands of states and armed groups, while governments are shamelessly painting the protection of human rights as a threat to security, law and order or national ‘values.'”

Looking at abuses “by the numbers,” the watchdog group found that:

• At least 122 countries tortured or otherwise ill-treated people;

• At least 30 or more countries illegally forced refugees to return to countries where they would be in danger;

• Over 60 million people were displaced from their homes;

• At least 113 countries arbitrarily restricted freedom of expression and the press; and

• At least 156 human rights defenders died in detention or were killed.

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Question(s) related to this article:

What is the state of human rights in the world today?

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In addition to rights and rights defenders being under attack, so “are the laws and the system that protect them,” Shetty said.

The new report covers a wide range of abuses, such as Ireland’s restrictions on and criminalization of abortion and Australia’s disproportionate jailing of Indigenous people and its denial of rights to asylum-seekers.

The United States and some of its allies fared poorly as well.
Saudi Arabia continued its crackdown on freedom of expression and association, locked up human rights defenders, and tortured prisoners. Women also faced discrimination by law and lacked protections from sexual and other violence.

Israel continued its “military blockade of Gaza and therefore collective punishment of the 1.8 million inhabitants there.”

The UK repealed its Human Rights Act and pushed forth surveillance laws. “The UK is setting a dangerous precedent to the world on human rights,” said Amnesty International UK Director Kate Allen.

And Egypt arrested thousands “in a ruthless crackdown in the name of national security.”

As for rights abuses in the U.S., the report states:

There was no accountability nor remedy for crimes under international law committed in the secret detention program operated by the CIA. Scores of detainees remained in indefinite military detention at the US naval base at Guantánamo Bay in Cuba, while military trial proceedings continued in a handful of cases. Concern about the use of isolation in state and federal prisons and the use of force in policing continued. Twenty-seven men and one woman were executed during the year.

“President Obama has often said the right thing but failed to turn his rhetoric into an agenda that makes human rights, in fact, a national priority,” said Margaret Huang, interim executive director of Amnesty International USA.

While numerous abuses are cataloged, Shetty stresses in the foreward that the report “cannot convey the full human misery of the topical crises of this last year, notably the refugee crisis—even now exacerbated in this northern winter. In such a situation, protecting and strengthening systems of human rights and civilian protection cannot be seen as optional.

“It is literally a matter of life and death.”

Where to Study Peace Education: A Global Directory

EDUCATION FOR PEACE .

An announcement by the Global Campaign for Peace Education

All around the world there is a growing demand for peace education, yet few know of the learning opportunities that exist for gaining knowledge, developing capacities, and building the fundamental pedagogical skills for teaching peace. In support of this need, the Global Campaign for Peace Education, in partnership with the International Institute on Peace Education and the Peace Education Initiative at The University of Toledo has developed “Where to Study Peace Education: A Global Directory.”

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This online catalog provides an easy to search inventory of formal and non-formal programs, courses, workshops and recurring conferences in peace education from around the world.
Peace studies programs are abundant in the US and abroad, however, few of these programs focus on educational theory or practice. Therefore, our directory is unique in its focus on programs, courses and trainings specific to research and the study of peace education, and the preparation of formal and non-formal educators to teach for peace. Current listings are oriented towards adult learners or educators, not programs offered directly to students in schools.

Listings in the directory fall into two broad categories:

1) The study of education (systems, philosophy, pedagogy) and its role in building peace

2) Teacher and learning facilitator training and preparation in peace education (theory, methodology, pedagogy)

The Directory thus far includes programs, courses and trainings focused on the study of the philosophy of education, critical pedagogy, democratic education / citizenship education, emergency education, social justice education, restorative practices, conflict resolution education (and peer mediation), educational development studies, human rights education and learning, and education for gender equity / equality and women’s empowerment.

Visit – Where to study Peace Education: A Global Directory

We need your help to grow the directory!

We know there are many more programs out there. If you are running a program, teaching a course, or are currently a student studying peace education, or have the necessary information about such a program, please take a few moments to complete our online submission form. We are interested in gathering details about current formal (university based), informal (conferences, non-university based trainings) and non-formal (independent, citizen-based) programs of study and ongoing trainings and workshops. Programs submitted should go beyond the content of peace and conflict studies courses and should emphasize pedagogy or practice, teaching theory, educational policy, or research related to peace education.

Question for this article:

Africa: Through Peace Education, Youth Can Become Vanguards of Peace in the Great Lakes

EDUCATION FOR PEACE .

An article by Ntumba Luaba, KBC TV

Over the past five decades, the youth have played a central role in the numerous violent conflicts that have afflicted the African Great Lakes Region. Young people have most conspicuously been active participants in the hundreds of armed groups that have traversed the region since independence in the 1960s, operating across sovereign borders with an unsettling ease and leaving great devastation in their wake. The UN estimates that over six million civilians have lost their lives since the 1990s alone, and that the civil wars, genocides and cross-border conflicts in the region have produced the world’s highest number of fatalities since the Second World War.

great-lakes
Photo of Ntumba Luaba from Radio Okapi

The existence of deeply entrenched stereotypes based on ethnicity or nationality has been a key impediment for the prospects of peace in the region. These stereotypes, marinated over the decades, have long been internalised by local communities and have regrettably been handed down to successive generations, breeding hatred and placing the region’s youth in a vulnerable position for manipulation into violent conflict. As a result, many of armed groups recruit youth into their ranks through manipulation and the promise of economic reward. Cases of outright coercion of the youth have also been documented.

Numerous efforts have been undertaken over time and at different levels in an attempt to ameliorate this state of affairs, but significant change has not yet been achieved. It is understandable that much of these efforts place priority on post-conflict reconstruction. The result has been that most interventions have overlooked the fact that the process of effectively countering hatred requires us to begin by planting the seed of peace. Building sustainable peace is a long-term process which, considering the cross-border nature of the region’s conflicts, demands that we perceptualize our peacebuilding efforts from both the local and regional levels. For any peacebuilding effort to stand a chance of success in the Great Lakes region, it must also target the emancipation of the youth from the ethnic or nationalistic encumbrances that make them easy targets for recruitment or mobilization into conflict action.

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Question for this article:

How do we promote a human rights, peace based education?

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A research study carried out in 2014 by the NGO Interpeace and six partner organizations in Rwanda, Burundi and the eastern part of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) found that the people in the region generally agreed that ethnic hatred is a fundamental problem in the Great Lakes region. The research also found that people across the three bordering countries endorsed peace education as a priority intervention that would both strengthen existing peacebuilding efforts and more importantly help in the prevention of conflict among future generations. The findings of this research resonate closely with the mandate of the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region (ICGLR) to promote a comprehensive approach to peace and stability in the region, a mandate that includes empowering the region’s youth to become agents of peace.

The ICGLR and Interpeace are partners in the promotion of peace in the Great Lakes region. In December 2015, the two organizations signed a Memorandum of Understanding, creating a powerful synergy in which the ICGLR brings its clout as an intergovernmental body tasked to facilitate the promotion of peace and stability in the Great Lakes region, and Interpeace contributes its unique experience and capacity to bridge between high level actors at the national and international levels, Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) and local populations at the grassroots level.

We have a strong conviction that peace education offers the promise of nurturing a new generation of youth into vanguards of peace in the Great Lakes Region. It is on this premise that the ICGLR and Interpeace will bring together key stakeholders from the region to a Peace Education Summit in Nairobi on 3 – 4 March 2016. The summit will focus on the promotion of a harmonized understanding of formal peace education in the region. The Nairobi Summit is by no means a singular engagement. It is rather a pilot initiative that could hopefully be expanded across all ICGLR member states because peace education is an invaluable investment for the future peace, security and prosperity of all member states, as well as the entire African continent.

Building peace is a collective effort in which every citizen and every stakeholder in the Great Lakes region has a role to play. We therefore call upon all key actors, particularly our member states, CSOs, other regional organizations and donor partners to embrace the idea of peace education as a preventive measure, to help us plant this seed for lasting peace in the region.

Professor Ntumba Luaba is the Executive Secretary of the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region (ICGLR), an Intergovernmental Organization established on the initiative of the African Union and the UN as a regional mechanism for peace, security, stability and development. ICGLR’s 12 core member states are Angola, Burundi, the Central African Republic (CAR), the Republic of the Congo, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Kenya, Rwanda, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia. It additionally has seven co-opted member states, namely Botswana, Ethiopia, Egypt, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia and Zimbabwe.

(Thank you to the Global Campaign for Peace Education for distributing this article.)

PORTRAIT: Dr. Denis Mukwege, the man who repairs women in eastern DRC

. . WOMEN’S EQUALITY . .

An article from the United Nations News Centre

In 1999, when a woman appeared at his hospital with genital destroyed by gun shots, the Congolese gynecologist Denis Mukwege first believed it was an isolated case. “But after about six months, I realized that the story was repeated in other patients that were almost identical: ‘I was raped, and then they pierced me with a bayonet! I was raped, and then they burned rubber on my genitals!'” Dr. Mukwege recalled in a recent interview with the UN Radio and the UN News Centre .

Mukwege
Dr. Denis Mukwege, director and founder of the Panzi Hospital in Bukavu, Democratic Republic of Congo, and winner of the United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights. UN Photo / Eskinder Debebe

The practice he had just discovered, born of the bloody conflict between the government at that time and the armed groups in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), would profoundly mark the rest of his career: the use of the destruction of the female genitalia as a weapon of war.

“This situation simply fell on us,” said Dr. Mukwege to explain the decision he took then to dedicate his professional life to reconstructive surgery for women victims of sexual violence – a decision that would put his life and that of his family in danger.

Sixteen years later, the commitment of Dr. Mukwege has allowed him to treat more than 40,000 victims in the hospital that he himself founded in the district of Panzi in Bukavu, his hometown in the South region Kivu, eastern DRC.

The man that the press has dubbed ‘the man who repairs women’ has also gained international recognition for his work, which has earned him numerous awards, including the United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights in 2008 and the Sakharov prize in 2014. Now 59 years old, he has been approached several times for the Nobel peace prize.

This exceptional career, Dr. Mukwege says, is primarily the result of the injustices he faced, starting with his early decision to become a doctor.

Denis Mukwege was born in 1955 in Bukavu in a Pentecostal family of nine children. As a teenager, he used to accompany his father, a pastor, in his daily rounds. One day his father was called to the bedside of a sick child.

“After praying, his father began to pack up and prepare to leave,” reminisced Dr. Mukwege. “But I told him, ‘No Daddy! When I am sick, you pray, but you also give me medicine. ‘ ”

In response, his father remarked that he was not a doctor.

“At that time, there was like a click in my head and I told myself: I want to be a doctor to do what my father could not.”

The child, meanwhile, finally succumbed to his illness.

Years later, after completing medical school in Burundi, Dr Mukwege returned to South Kivu to start his career in Lemera Hospital, a hundred kilometers from Bukavu, as a pediatrician.

During this experience, he was shocked by the discovery of the pain of women who, in the absence of proper care, regularly suffered serious genital lesions after giving birth. He decided to leave to study gynecology and obstetrics in France before returning to Lemera in the late 1980s.

The outbreak of war in the Congo DRC (then Zaire) in 1996 would again confront Dr. Mukwege with injustice. South Kivu found himself in the front line of fighting.

One day, arriving at the hospital, Dr. Mukwege found all its patients had been murdered, a drama from which he took a long time to recover.

“It took me two years before I felt I could be useful again. People do not imagine how one feels responsible for the sick. And then someone comes and kills them in their bed!”

At the same time, Dr. Mukwege himself ws nearly killed in an attack. While transporting a patient to evacuate to Sweden, his car was riddled with bullet shots. Fortunately, he and other passengers were not affected.

Feeling unable to continue working in Lemera, Dr. Mukwege returned to Bukavu, where he founded the Panzi hospital in 1999, shortly before the discovery of the extent of sexual violence in eastern DRC.

A report published in June 2002 by the NGO Human Rights Watch echoed the observations made on the ground by Dr. Mukwege.

Entitled ‘The War Within the War: Sexual violence against women and girls in eastern Congo’, this study is based on research conducted in the provinces of North and South Kivu, then controlled since 1998 by Rwandan Hutu armed groups and Burundian rebels fighting against the government of President Laurent-Désiré Kabila (1997 – 2001), the Rwandan army and the Congolese Rally for Democracy (RCD, a Congolese rebel group). According to the report, sexual violence was used frequently and sometimes systematically as a weapon of war by most forces involved in the conflict from the late 1990s.

(Article continued in right column)

(click here for the article in French.)

Question related to this article:

Protecting women and girls against violence, Is progress being made?

What role should men play to stop violence against women?

(Article continued from left column)

In the one town of Shabunda, “the governor of South Kivu estimated 2,500 to 3,000 women and girls were raped between late 1999 and mid-2001,” according to the report, which did not report other data on a regional basis.

Another Human Rights Watch report, dated June 2014, indicated that tens of thousands have been raped or subjected to other forms of sexual violence in eastern DRC over the past two decades. Entitled ‘Democratic Republic of Congo: End impunity for sexual violence’, although the study could not determine theexact number of victims.

According to Dr. Mukwege, one of the difficulties in obtaining detailed data is the fact that sexual violence was and is still a taboo subject for the victims, who are often rejected by their own community.

“The women we care for represent only the tip of the iceberg because many of them are afraid to say they have been raped for fear of being repudiated by their husbands,” he said, adding that although the fighting has now abated in eastern DRC, the use of sexual violence as a weapon of war by armed groups is still relevant.

This taboo is so deeply rooted in Congolese society that the perpetrators, some of whom live near their victims, often enjoy relative impunity. “The woman sees the perpetrtor who lives across the street every morning, but unfortunately he is never made to answer for his actions,” lamented Dr. Mukwege.

Over the years, he has developed an original approach, which he calls “holistic”, to treat victims, taking into account the dimensions of both surgical and psychological, but also the issues of rehabilitation and justice.

“At first we gave only medical care, but we quickly realized that after being treated, the women refused to eat, drink, live and therefore, would also die of some form of suicide,” he said.

The hospital is staffed by a team of psychologists and social workers who work with patients before the reconstructive surgeries.

Once treated, the patients are able to reintegrate into their community while Dr. Mukwege and his team work in collaboration with NGOs that help victims to go to the hospital and provides economic support at their return.

“We found that when they are doing well both physically and psychologically they feel strong enough to be autonomous. At that point the women begin to seek justice” said Dr. Mukwege, who created for this purpose a legal clinic to help women regain their rights and prosecute in court.

His willingness to break the silence surrounding sexual violence against women in eastern DRC, however, brought pressures and threats. He was the target of several failed assassination attempts, one in the office where he made private consultations to patients in Bukavu, which was riddled with bullets. Fortunately, Dr. Mukwege was not present during the attack.

“What am I doing to escape? Not much. Today I have the protection of MONUSCO [Mission to the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo], which we appreciate in the hospital, because some members of my staff have also also been kidnapped, tortured and raped, “he said.

Although he feels reassured by the presence of MONUSCO, Dr. Mukwege has admitted that his daily work in Bukavu is performed in difficult conditions and that the silence on sexual violence in DRC is still a reality.

Last September, the Congolese authorities in particular prohibits the dissemination in the country of a documentary film about his background and activities of the Panzi Hospital.

“This is a film that shows the strength of Congolese women, their resilience. […] Women have a much more powerful inner strength than those who would destroy them, “said Dr. Mukwege, expressing his incomprehension at the censorship of the film.

Directed by Thierry Michel and Colette Braeckman, ‘The man who repairs the women – the wrath of Hippocrates’ was screened October 22, 2015 at UN headquarters in New York, in the presence of Dr. Mukwege. A few days earlier, according to press reports, the Congolese government announced the lifting of the decision banning the film in the DRC.

“We can not make progress unless we recognize first that there is a problem. Remaining in the culture of denial is extremely dangerous because it leaves the women to suffer”, he said.

According to Dr. Mukwege, significant progress has been made over the last 15 years. “We have more and more women who not only speak, but who also take a stand and become activists for women’s rights,” he praised.

In July 2014, the President of the DRC, Joseph Kabila, has appointed a Special Adviser in the fight against sexual violence and child recruitment, Jeannine Mabunda Lioko Mudiayi, a sign that attitudes are changing in the country.

The man who repairs women maintains, however, that much remains to be done before we can claim victory. To achieve this, the international community must redouble its efforts to fight against sexual violence related to conflict. Dr. Mukwege calls upon the whole society to consider this matter and not to leave it under the sole prism of women and feminism.

“What is the value of our humanity if people can afford to sell other people to make sexual use, sex slaves,” he said. “Our society must say no and set a red line: if certain acts are committed, it is the entire society that must oppose it.”

(Thank you to Janet Hudgins, the CPNN reporter for this article.)

PORTRAIT: Dr. Denis Mukwege, l’homme qui réparait les femmes dans l’est de la RDC

. . . EGALITE HOMMES/FEMMES . . .

Un article du Centre d’actualités de l’ONU

Lorsqu’en 1999 une femme se présenta à son hôpital avec l’appareil génital détruit par des tirs d’arme à feu, le gynécologue congolais Denis Mukwege crut d’abord à un cas isolé.

Mukwege
Le Dr. Denis Mukwege, directeur et fondateur de l’hôpital de Panzi à Bukavu, en République démocratique du Congo, et lauréat du Prix des droits de l’homme des Nations unies. Photo ONU/Eskinder Debebe

« Mais après environ six mois, je me suis rendu compte que l’histoire se répétait chez d’autres patientes quasiment à l’identique : ‘J’ai été violée, puis ils m’ont introduit une baïonnette ! J’ai été violée, puis ils ont brulé du caoutchouc sur mon appareil génital !’ », s’est remémoré le Dr. Mukwege dans un entretien récent avec la Radio des Nations Unies et le Centre d’actualités de l’ONU.

La pratique qu’il venait de découvrir, née du conflit sanglant qui opposait à l’époque le gouvernement à des groupes armés en République démocratique du Congo (RDC), allait profondément marquer le restant de sa carrière : l’utilisation de la destruction des organes génitaux féminins comme arme de guerre.

« C’est une situation qui nous est tombée dessus », a confié le Dr. Mukwege, pour expliquer la décision qu’il prit alors de consacrer sa vie professionnelle à la chirurgie reconstructrice des femmes victimes de violences sexuelles – une décision qui mettrait par la suite sa vie et celle de ses proches en danger.

Seize ans plus tard, l’engagement du Dr. Mukwege lui a permis de soigner plus de 40.000 victimes à l’hôpital qu’il a lui-même fondé dans le quartier de Panzi à Bukavu, sa ville natale de la région du Sud-Kivu, à l’est de la RDC.

Celui que la presse a surnommé ‘l’homme qui répare les femmes’ s’est aussi forgé une reconnaissance internationale pour son travail, qui lui a valu de nombreuses distinctions, dont le Prix des droits de l’homme des Nations unies, en 2008, et le prix Sakharov, en 2014. A 59 ans, il a également été plusieurs fois pressenti pour le prix Nobel de la paix.

De ce parcours exceptionnel, le Dr. Mukwege dit qu’il est avant tout le fruit des injustices auxquelles il a été confronté, à commencer par son choix précoce de devenir médecin.

Denis Mukwege est né en 1955 à Bukavu au sein d’une famille pentecôtiste de neuf enfants. Adolescent, il avait coutume d’accompagner son père, qui était pasteur, dans ces déplacements quotidiens. Un jour, ce dernier fut appelé au chevet d’un enfant malade.

« Après avoir prié, il commence à plier bagage et fait mine de partir », s’est remémoré le Dr. Mukwege. « Mais moi, je lui dis : ‘Non Papa ! Quand je suis malade, vous priez, mais vous me donnez aussi des médicaments’ ».

Pour toute réponse, son père lui fit remarquer qu’il n’était pas médecin.

« A ce moment, il y a eu comme un déclic dans ma tête et je me suis dis : je veux être médecin pour faire ce que mon père ne fait pas ».

L’enfant, quant à lui, finit par succomber à sa maladie.

Des années plus tard, après avoir suivi des études de médecine au Burundi, le Dr. Mukwege revint au Sud-Kivu pour commencer sa carrière à l’hôpital de Lemera, à une centaine de kilomètres de Bukavu, en tant que pédiatre.

Durant cette expérience, il fut choqué par la découverte des douleurs des femmes qui, en l’absence de soins appropriés, souffraient régulièrement de graves lésions génitales après avoir accouché. Il décida alors de partir étudier la gynécologie-obstétrique en France, avant de retourner à Lemera à la fin des années 1980.

L’éclatement de la guerre du Congo en RDC (alors le Zaïre), en 1996, allait de nouveau confronter le Dr. Mukwege à l’injustice. Le Sud-Kivu se retrouva en première ligne des combats.

Un beau jour, en arrivant à l’hôpital, le Dr. Mukwege trouva l’ensemble de ses patients assassinés, un drame dont il mit longtemps à se remettre.

« Cela m’a pris deux ans avant de sentir que je pouvais à nouveau être utile. Les gens ne s’imaginent pas à quel point on se sent responsable des malades. Et là, quelqu’un vient et les tue dans leur lit ! », a-t-il confié.

A la même époque, le Dr. Mukwege échappa lui-même de peu à la mort dans une attaque. Alors qu’il transportait un malade pour l’évacuer vers la Suède, son véhicule essuya des tirs de balle. Fort heureusement, ni lui ni les autres passagers ne furent touchés.

Se sentant incapable de continuer à travailler à Lemera, le Dr. Mukwege rentra à Bukavu où il fonda l’hôpital de Panzi en 1999, peu de temps avant sa découverte de l’ampleur des violences sexuelles dans l’est de la RDC.

Un rapport publié en juin 2002 par l’ONG Human Rights Watch fait écho aux constats réalisés sur le terrain par le Dr. Mukwege.

Intitulée ‘La guerre dans la guerre : violence sexuelle contre les femmes et les filles dans l’est du Congo’, cette étude s’appuie sur des recherches conduites dans les provinces du Nord et du Sud-Kivu, alors contrôlées depuis 1998 par des groupes armés de Hutus rwandais et de rebelles burundais en lutte contre le gouvernement du Président Laurent-Désiré Kabila (1997 – 2001), l’armée rwandaise et le Rassemblement Congolais pour la Démocratie (RCD, un groupe rebelle congolais).

Selon ce rapport, la violence sexuelle a été utilisée de façon fréquente et parfois systématique comme une arme de guerre par la plupart des forces impliquées dans le conflit à partir de la fin des années 1990.

Pour la seule ville de Shabunda, « le gouverneur du Sud-Kivu estime que 2.500 à 3.000 femmes et filles ont été violées entre la fin 1999 et la mi-2001 », indique le rapport, qui ne fournit toutefois que peu de données chiffrées à l’échelle régionale.

(Voir suite sur colonne de droite. . . )

(Cliquez ici pour une version anglaise.)

Pregunta(s) relacionada(s) al artículo

Protecting women and girls against violence, Is progress being made?

(. . . suite)

Un autre rapport de Human Rights Watch, datant de juin 2014, indique quant à lui que des dizaines de milliers de personnes ont été violées ou victimes d’autres formes de violences sexuelles dans l’est de la RDC au cours des deux dernières décennies. Intitulée ‘République démocratique du Congo : mettre fin à l’impunité pour les violences sexuelles’, cette étude précise cependant que le nombre exact des victimes n’est pas connu.

Selon le Dr. Mukwege, l’une des difficultés rencontrées pour obtenir des données chiffrées provient du fait que les violences sexuelles étaient et restent encore aujourd’hui un sujet tabou pour les victimes, souvent rejetées par leur propre communauté.

« Les femmes que nous soignons représentent la partie émergée de l’iceberg, car beaucoup d’entre elles ont peur de dire qu’elles ont été violées de crainte d’être répudiées par leur mari », a-t-il expliqué, ajoutant que, si les combats ont aujourd’hui baissé d’intensité dans l’est de la RDC, l’utilisation des violences sexuelles comme arme de guerre par les groupes armés est toujours d’actualité.

Ce tabou est si profondément ancré dans la société congolaise que les auteurs de ces violences, dont certains vivent à proximité de leurs victimes, bénéficient souvent d’une relative impunité.

« La femme, elle, connait le monsieur qui habite en face et qu’elle voit tous les matins, et qui, malheureusement, n’a jamais répondu de ses actes », a déploré le Dr. Mukwege.

Au fil des ans, ce dernier a développé une approche originale, qu’il qualifie de « holistique », pour traiter les victimes, prenant en compte les dimensions à la fois chirurgicale et psychologique, mais aussi les questions de réinsertion sociale et de justice.

« Nous avions commencé en nous limitant à la prise en charge médicale, mais nous nous sommes rapidement rendu compte qu’après avoir été soignées, les femmes refusaient de manger, de boire, de vivre et donc, mourraient également d’une certaine forme de suicide », a-t-il expliqué.

L’hôpital s’est donc doté d’une équipe de psychologues et d’assistantes sociales qui travaillent avec les patientes avant même les interventions de chirurgie reconstructrice.

Pour qu’une fois traitées, les patientes puissent se réinsérer dans leur communauté tout en étant autonomes, le Dr. Mukwege et son équipe travaillent en collaboration avec des ONG qui aident les victimes à se rendre à l’hôpital et leur fournit un soutien économique à leur retour.

« Nous avons constaté que, lorsqu’elles se portent bien physiquement, que psychologiquement elles sentent suffisamment fortes et qu’en plus, sur le plan économique, elles sont autonomes, c’est à ce moment-là que les femmes demandent justice », a expliqué le Dr. Mukwege, qui a créé à cette fin une clinique juridique pour aider les femmes à recouvrer leurs droits et poursuivre les auteurs devant les tribunaux.

Sa volonté de briser le silence entourant les violences sexuelles infligées aux femmes dans l’est de la RDC lui a cependant valu d’être l’objet de nombreuses pressions et menaces. Il fut également la cible de plusieurs tentatives d’assassinat manquées, dont l’une dans le bureau où il réalisait des consultations privées de patients à Bukavu, qui fut criblé de balles. Heureusement, le Dr. Mukwege n’était pas présent lors de l’attaque.

« Qu’est-ce que je fais pour en réchapper. Pas grand-chose. Aujourd’hui, j’ai la protection de la MONUSCO [Mission de l’Organisation des Nations Unies pour la stabilisation en République démocratique du Congo], que nous apprécions beaucoup à l’hôpital, car certains membres de mon staff ont également également été enlevés, torturés et violés », a-t-il expliqué.

S’il se sent rassuré par la présence de la MONUSCO, le Dr. Mukwege a cependant admis que son travail quotidien à Bukavu s’effectue dans des conditions difficiles et que la loi du silence concernant les violences sexuelles en RDC est toujours une réalité.
En septembre dernier, les autorités congolaises ont notamment interdit la diffusion dans le pays d’un film documentaire retraçant son parcours et les activités de l’hôpital de Panzi.

« C’est un film qui montre la force de la femme congolaise, sa capacité à se prendre en charge, sa résilience. […] Les femmes ont une force intérieure bien plus puissante que celle de ceux qui veulent les détruire », a déclaré le Dr. Mukwege, faisant part de son incompréhension face à la censure dont le film a fait l’objet.

Réalisé par Thierry Michel et Colette Braeckman, ‘L’homme qui répare les femmes – la colère d’Hippocrate’ a été projeté le 22 octobre 2015 au siège de l’ONU à New York, en présence du Dr. Mukwege. Quelques jours auparavant, selon la presse, les autorités congolaises ont annoncé la levée de la décision interdisant la projection du film en RDC.

« On ne peut faire des avancées que si on reconnait en premier lieu qu’il y a un problème. Lorsque l’on reste dans la culture du déni, c’est extrêmement dangereux parce que c’est la seule façon de laisser les femmes dans leur souffrance », a-t-il affirmé.

Le Dr. Mukwege a cependant reconnu que des avancées importantes ont été réalisées au cours des 15 dernières années.

« Nous avons de plus en plus de femmes qui non seulement parlent, mais en plus prennent position et deviennent des activistes pour les droits des femmes », a-t-il salué.

En juillet 2014, le Président de la RDC, Joseph Kabila, a par ailleurs nommé une Conseillère spéciale en matière de lutte contre les violences sexuelles et le recrutement d’enfants, Jeannine Mabunda Lioko Mudiayi, signe que les mentalités sont en train de changer dans le pays.

‘L’homme qui répare les femmes’ a toutefois estimé que beaucoup reste à faire avant de pouvoir crier victoire.

Pour y parvenir, a-t-il dit, la communauté internationale doit redoubler d’efforts afin de lutter contre les violences sexuelles liée au conflit.

Le Dr. Mukwege a également appelé la société dans son ensemble à ne pas considérer cette question sous le seul prisme des femmes et du féminisme.

« Quelle est la valeur de notre humanité si des personnes peuvent se permettre de vendre d’autres personnes pour en faire un usage sexuel, des esclaves sexuels », a-t-il déclaré. « Notre société doit dire non et établir une ligne rouge : si certains actes sont commis, c’est la société tout entière qui doit s’y opposer ».

(Merci à Janet Hudgins, le reporter pour cet article)

Boletín español: el 01 de marzo 2016

. . . LA LUCHA DE ÁFRICA . . .

Hay una lucha épica por el corazón de África entre las fuerzas de la cultura de guerra y los de la cultura de paz. En primer lugar, los ataques de Boko Harem, Al Qaeda, ISIS y Al-Shabaab son las noticias principales en los medios de comunicación comerciales, por no mencionar el potencial de una guerra civil en Burundi y la guerra fratricida en el sur de Sudán. Por otro lado, los muchos artículos recientes en CPNN sobre las iniciativas africanas de la cultura de la paz son una indicación, ¡que es la cultura de la paz que está ganando!

Unión Africana: Burundi se compromete a aceptar observadores de la Unión Africana

La Unión Africana: 26ª Sesión Ordinaria de la Asamblea de la UA concluye con el reconocimiento de los combatientes contra Ébola y con la paz como prioridad del continente

La Unión Africana: el reunión de la Red Panafricana de Sabios

Senegal: la feminista Bineta Diop: Unidas contra la guerra en África

Túnez: llamada a la participación masiva en la primera reunión internacional sobre la educación para la paz

Camerún: la radio comunitaria al servicio de la educación para la paz

Marruecos: los musulmanes proponen consenso para la ciudadanía para todos: la Declaración de Marrakech

Mali: desarrollo de un programa nacional de cultura de paz en Mali: Los expertos en el trabajo

Etiopía: AAPI convocar el 2º Foro de Arts4Peace de Addis Abeba

Congo (RDC): la declaración de los clubes juveniles de la red congo para la paz

Congo (RDC): Goma, Kivu del Norte: El cierre de la tercera edición del Festival de Amani

Sierra Leona: El ministro instó a los delegados a desarrollar una cultura de paz

Gambia: “Los países africanos deben unirse”

Sudáfrica: las mujeres africanas están organizando para recuperar la agricultura frente a las grandes empresas

Chad: Conmemoración del Día Nacional de la paz, la convivencia y la armonía nacional

Como Nestor Bidadanure describe en su artículo “Cómo lograr la libertad prometida“. . . en África, la descolonización legal no ha sido seguida por una ruptura ideológica con el modelo colonial de gobierno entre algunas personas de la élite política… La práctica colonial de divide y vencerás es hasta hoy el arma preferida de las élites políticas extremistas”.

Su conclusión es que “la cultura de paz debe ser pensada y enseñada como un ideal que se pueda conectar y reforzar lo que se ha desatado. Es una teoría integradora y de reconciliación. Es la antítesis del PRI [El populismo radical de identidad]. Es una teoría que sugiere que las diferencias dentro de una nación son un recurso precioso. Nos recuerda que no hay identidad nacional, salvo la diversidad, tanto cultural y humana, de todos sus ciudadanos.”

      

IGUALDAD HOMBRES/MUJERES

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PARTICIPACIÓN DEMOCRATICA

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DESARME Y SEGURIDAD

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LIBERTAD DE INFORMACIÓN

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DESAROLLO SUSTENTABLE

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TOLERANCIA Y SOLIDARIDAD

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España: DemosPaz, un nuevo instituto de la UAM y Fundación Cultura de Paz