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Las Fuerzas Nucleares se Reducen pero Continúa su Modernización, Afirma el SIPRI
an article by Stockholm International Peace Research Institute

El Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) lanza hoy [16 de junio] los datos anuales sobre las fuerzas nucleares, que evalúan las tendencias actuales y el desarrollo de los arsenales nucleares mundiales. Los datos muestran que mientras el nombre total de armas nucleares en el mundo continúa disminuyendo, ninguno de los estados que tienen estas armas está dispuesto a renunciar a sus arsenales nucleares en un futuro previsible.



click on photo to enlarge

Al inicio de 2014, nueve estados –Estados Unidos, Rusia, Reino Unido, Francia, China, India, Pakistán, Israel y Corea del Norte– tenían aproximadamente 4.000 armas nucleares operativas. Si contamos todas las ojivas nucleares, estos estados tienen conjuntamente un total aproximado de 16.300 ojivas (tabla 1) comparadas con las 17.270 del inicio de 2013.

En los últimos cinco años ha habido un descenso constante en el número total de ojivas nucleares en el mundo (tabla 2). La disminución se debe principalmente a Rusia y a los Estados Unidos –conjuntamente todavía cuentan con más del 93 % de todas las armas nucleares— que están reduciendo inventarios de armas nucleares estratégicas en los términos que establece el Tratado sobre Medidas para la Ulterior Reducción y Limitación de las Armas Ofensivas Estratégicas. (New START).

Asimismo, los cinco países legalmente reconocidos como estados con armas nucleares –los Estados Unidos, China, Francia, el Reino Unido y Rusia– o están desplegando nuevos sistemas de lanzamiento de armas nucleares o han anunciado programas para hacerlo. India y Paquistán continúan desarrollando nuevos sistemas capaces de lanzar armas nucleares y están ampliando sus capacidades para producir materiales fisionables con fines militares.

Hay un consenso emergente en la comunidad de expertos sobre el hecho de que Corea del Norte ha producido un pequeño número de armas

( Clickear aquí para la version inglês) u aquí para la version francês)

DISCUSSION

Question(s) related to this article:


Can we abolish all nuclear weapons?,

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LATEST READER COMMENT:

'THE WORLD IS OVER-ARMED AND PEACE IS UNDER-FUNDED'

30 August 2012 — The following opinion piece by Secretary-General BAN Ki-moon has appeared in leading newspapers in Argentina, Bangladesh, Burundi, China, Germany, India, Iran, Italy, Japan, Lebanon, Malaysia, The Philippines, Republic of Korea, Russia, Serbia, Turkey, Ukraine and European weekly publications and has been translated into 10 languages.

Last month, competing interests prevented agreement on a much-needed treaty that would have reduced the appalling human cost of the poorly regulated international arms trade. Meanwhile, nuclear disarmament efforts remain stalled, despite strong and growing global popular sentiment in support of this cause.

The failure of these negotiations and this month's anniversaries of the atomic bombings at Hiroshima and Nagasaki provide a good opportunity to explore what has gone wrong, why disarmament and arms control have proven so difficult to achieve, and how the world community can get back on track towards these vitally important goals.

Many defence establishments now recognize that security means far more than protecting borders. Grave security concerns can arise as a result of demographic trends, chronic poverty, economic inequality, environmental degradation, pandemic diseases, organized crime, repressive governance and other developments no state can control alone. Arms can't address such concerns.

Yet there has been a troubling lag between recognizing these new security challenges, and launching new policies to address them. National budget priorities still tend to reflect the old paradigms. Massive military spending and new investments in modernizing nuclear weapons have left the world over-armed -- and peace under-funded.

Last year, global military spending reportedly exceeded $1.7 trillion – more than $4.6 billion a day, which alone is almost twice the UN's budget for an entire year. This largesse includes billions more for modernizing nuclear arsenals decades into the future.

This level of military spending is hard to explain in a post-Cold War world and amidst a global financial crisis. Economists would call this an "opportunity cost". . ...more.


This report was posted on June 20, 2014.